The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side struck two times late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.